Vector Databases
Comparing purpose-built vector database with AWS search service in 2025 — 10 min read
A quick look at which tool fits your needs best
Choose Pinecone if you need:
Choose OpenSearch if you need:
Pinecone Systems Inc.
Amazon Web Services
Built exclusively for vector similarity search with optimized data structures and algorithms specifically for high-dimensional vectors.
Key Insight: Pinecone's singular focus on vectors enables unmatched simplicity and performance.
General-purpose search engine with k-NN plugin for vector capabilities. Balances full-text search, analytics, and vector search.
Key Insight: OpenSearch excels when you need more than just vector search in one platform.
Note: OpenSearch performance varies significantly based on instance type and configuration. These are typical m5.xlarge results.
Pinecone
Not supported. Requires separate text search solution and result merging in application code.
OpenSearch
Native support for combining BM25 text search with k-NN vector search in single query.
Pinecone
Simple metadata filtering with basic operators. Optimized for speed over complexity.
OpenSearch
Full Query DSL with complex boolean logic, aggregations, and multi-field searches.
| Use Case | Pinecone | OpenSearch |
|---|---|---|
| Small (1M vectors) | $70 | $80 (t3.small) |
| Medium (10M vectors) | $280 | $220 (m5.large) |
| Large (100M vectors) | $840 | $650 (m5.2xlarge) |
| Enterprise (1B vectors) | Custom | $2,500+ (cluster) |
| Hidden Costs | API overages | DevOps time |
) ])`}
],
http_auth=awsauth,
use_ssl=True
)
# Create k-NN index
client.indices.create(index='my-index', body=,
"mappings":
}
}
})`}
Conversational AI platform needs:
Pinecone's speed and reliability crucial
E-commerce recommendations require:
Pinecone's simplicity perfect fit
Corporate search needs:
OpenSearch's hybrid search essential
DevOps platform requirements:
OpenSearch's versatility wins
Lambda Integration
SDK-based calls from Lambda functions
S3 Data Pipeline
Custom ETL required for vector generation
Authentication
API key management via Secrets Manager
Lambda Integration
Native AWS SDK with IAM roles
S3 Data Pipeline
Built-in snapshot and restore
Authentication
IAM-based with fine-grained access
| Requirement | Best Choice | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|
| Pure vector search only | Pinecone | Purpose-built for vectors |
| Text + vector search | OpenSearch | Native hybrid search |
| AWS-heavy infrastructure | OpenSearch | Better AWS integration |
| Minimal ops overhead | Pinecone | True serverless |
| Cost optimization priority | OpenSearch | Lower at scale |
| Real-time performance | Pinecone | Superior vector performance |
Pinecone excels as a pure-play vector database with unmatched simplicity and performance. Its serverless architecture, guaranteed SLAs, and zero-configuration approach make it ideal for teams that need reliable vector search without operational complexity.
Bottom Line: Choose Pinecone when you need best-in-class vector search with minimal operational overhead.
OpenSearch Service provides a versatile search platform that handles text, analytics, and vectors in one system. Its deep AWS integration and hybrid search capabilities make it valuable for complex search requirements beyond pure vectors.
Bottom Line: Choose OpenSearch when you need unified text and vector search within the AWS ecosystem.
If you need pure vector search, Pinecone's purpose-built design delivers superior performance and developer experience. However, if you're already invested in AWS and need both text and vector search, OpenSearch Service provides a more integrated solution despite the added complexity.
Our team can help you evaluate options and build the optimal solution for your needs.
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